Cloud Computing I - Week01 - 1 - Introduction to Clouds

1. Why Clouds?

  • is expected to grow only exponentially
  • e.g. AWS : Amazon Web Services
    • EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) : for computing services
    • S3 (Simple Storage Service) : for storing data so that it could be accessed from anywhere
    • EBS (Elastic Block Storage) : used by EC2 while running
  • 2 categories:
    • private cloud
    • public cloud

2. What is a Cloud?

  • it may be clusters, supercomputer, datastore, as per use.
  • “Cloud = Lots of storage + Compute Cycles”
  • a single-site cloud (“Datacenter”")
      • compute nodes (grouped into racks)
    • switches, connecting the racks
    • a network topology
    • Storage nodes connected to the network
    • front ends
    • Software Services
  • a geographical distributed cloud consists of
    • multiple such (single) sites
    • each site can have different structures
  • the topology
**CORE SWITCH**
Top of the Rack Switch ... Top of the Rack Switch
servers servers servers ... servers servers servers

3. Intro to Clouds: History

  • PCs led to creation of clusters
  • Data processing insdustries started around 1960s
  • Trends
    • now CPU grows horizontally
    • now, CERN’s Large Hadron Collider producing many PB/year

4. What is new in Today’s cloud?

  • 4 major chars:
    • massive scale
    • on demand accesss
    • data Intensive nature
      • mapreduce/hadoop, NoSQL, Cassandra etc.
    • New Cloud Programming Paradigm
  • Power comes from
    • on site (solar panels)
    • off site (dams)
  • WUE = Annual Water Usage / IT Equipment Energy
  • PUE = Total Facility Power / IT Equipment Energy (google has the lowest)

5. new aspects of cloud

  • Hardware as a service (HaaS)

    • you get h/w machines

  • Software as a service (SaaS)

  • Infra as a Services (IaaS)

    • get access to flexible computing and storage infrasctrcture (e.g. virtualisation)
    • AWS EC2 and S3

  • Platform as a Service (PaaS)

    • flexible computing + storage + software platform
    • get access to Software services

  • New Cloud Computing Paradigms

    • google : mapreduce, sawzall
    • amazon : elastic mapreduce service
    • Yahoo : hadoop + pig
    • FB : hadoop + hive

6. Economics of the Cloud

  • outsource or own?

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